Руководство пользователя

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Соавторы

Jean-Pierre Charras, Graham Keeth

Перевод

KiCad Russian Team
alex9, 2016
Барановский Константин <[email protected]>, 2019

Обратная связь

The KiCad project welcomes feedback, bug reports, and suggestions related to the software or its documentation. For more information on how to submit feedback or report an issue, please see the instructions at https://www.kicad.org/help/report-an-issue/

Introduction to the KiCad Drawing Sheet Editor

The Drawing Sheet Editor is a tool to create custom drawing sheets for use in the KiCad Schematic and Board Editors. Drawing sheets can include custom title blocks, frames, logos, as well as other text and graphics.

The frame, title block, and other graphic items (logos) are collectively called a drawing sheet.

Basic drawing sheet items are:

  • Line (линии)

  • Rectangle (прямоугольники)

  • Text (with keywords that will be replaced by the actual text, like the date, page number…​) in the Schematic or Board Editors.

  • Poly (полигоны; в основном – для размещения логотипов и специальных графических фигур)

  • Bitmap (растровые изображения)

Растровые изображения могут быть начерчены только в некоторых форматах (только в PDF и PS). Таким образом, для других форматов будет начерчен только ограничивающий прямоугольник.
  • Items can be repeated, and text and poly_polygons can be rotated.

Drawing Sheet Editor files

The Drawing Sheet Editor reads and writes KiCad drawing sheet files (.kicad_wks). These files can be used as custom drawing sheets for schematic and PCB designs by selecting a custom drawing sheet in the Page Setup dialog in each editor.

When the Drawing Sheet Editor is first opened, it displays the default KiCad drawing sheet is used until a different drawing sheet file is opened.

Основные понятия

Basic drawing sheet item properties

Basic drawing sheet items are:

  • Line (линии)

  • Rectangle (прямоугольники)

  • Text (with keywords, with will be replaced by the actual text, like the date, page number…​) in the Schematic or PCB Editors.

  • Poly-polygons (mainly to place logos and special graphic shapes). These poly polygons are created by the Image Converter tool, and cannot be built inside the Drawing Sheet Editor, because it is not possible to create such shapes by hand.

  • Bitmap (растровые изображения) – для размещения логотипов.

Растровые изображения могут быть начерчены только в некоторых форматах – PDF и PS.

При этом:

  • Text, poly-polygons and bitmaps are defined by a position, and can be rotated.

  • Line (линии, а на самом деле – отрезки) and Rectangle (прямоугольники) определяются двумя точками: начальной и конечной. Они не могут быть повернуты (для отрезков это бесполезно).

Эти основные элементы могут быть повторены.

Repeated text also accepts an increment value for labels (has meaning only if the text is one letter or one digit).

Определение координат

Each position, start point and end point of items is always relative to a page corner. This feature allows you to define a drawing sheet which is not dependent on the paper size.

Базовые углы и координаты.

page property 1

  • Когда меняется размер страницы, положение элемента относительно его базового угла не меняется.

  • Обычно основные надписи привязаны к правом нижнем углу, поэтому при создании элемента по умолчанию задаётся именно этот угол.

Для каждой из двух точек, определяющих прямоугольник или линию, задаётся свой базовый угол.

Поворот

Items which have a position defined by just one point (text and poly-polygons) can be rotated:

Нормально: Поворот = 0

text noriented

Повёрнуто: Поворот = 20 и 10 градусов

text rotated

Повтор

Элементы могут быть повторены.

Это полезно для создания сетки и меток.

page property 2

Text and keywords

Keywords

Text can be simple strings or can include keywords.

Keywords are replaced by actual values when the drawing sheet is used in a schematic or PCB design. They behave like text variables in the Schematic and Board Editors, except the values are either automatically set by the editor or set by the user in the Page Setup dialog of the respective editor.

The keyword syntax is ${KEYWORD}. The keyword, including the surrounding ${}, will be replaced by the keyword’s value.

Keyword name Description

KICAD_VERSION

Version number of KiCad.

#

Sheet number.

##

Total number of sheets.

COMMENT1 - COMMENT9

Contents of the Comment<n> field in Page Setup.

COMPANY

Contents of the Company field in Page Setup.

FILENAME

Filename of the schematic or PCB design file, with a file extension.

ISSUE_DATE

Contents of the Issue Date field in Page Setup.

LAYER

Name of the current PCB layer. This is blank in the Schematic and Board Editors. It is only shown in plots of PCB designs.

PAPER

Current sheet’s paper size, which is set in Page Setup.

REVISION

Contents of the Revision field in Page Setup.

SHEETNAME

Sheet name of the current sheet. This is blank in the Board Editor.

SHEETPATH

Sheet path of the current sheet. This is blank in the Board Editor.

TITLE

Contents of the Title field in Page Setup.

For example, Size: ${PAPER} displays "Size: A4" when the paper size is set to A4.

When the Preview display mode is active (pagelayout normal view mode 24), the title block is displayed like in the Schematic and PCB Editors, with keywords replaced with the corresponding values. You can configure the displayed values in the Page Preview Settings dialog (sheetset 24).

show fields edit

When the Edit mode is active (pagelayout special view mode 24), the title block is displayed without replacing keywords.

show fields preview

Multi-line text

Text can be multi-line.

There are 2 ways to insert a new line in text:

  1. Insert the \n 2 chars sequence (mainly in Page setup dialog in KiCad).

  2. Insert a new line in the Drawing Sheet Editor Design window.

Вот пример второго способа:

Настройка

options multi line

Вывод

multi line

Multi-line text in Page Setup dialog

In the Page Setup dialog, text controls do not accept multi-line text.

The \n 2 character sequence should be inserted to force a new line inside a text object.

Here is a two line text object, in the Comment2 field:

insert newline code

Результат:

multi line 2

However, if you really want the \n inside the text, enter \\n.

insert slashnewline code

и получите:

multi line 3

Ограничения

Ограничение первого листа

When using the Schematic Editor, the full schematic often uses more than one page.

Usually drawing sheet items are shown on all pages, but you can also set each item to be shown only on the first page or on all pages except the first page. To change which pages an item is shown on, use the dropdown in the the item’s Item Properties panel. Options are show on all pages, first page only, and subsequent pages only.

page options

Text maximum size constraint

Text items have a maximum size constraint. You can set a maximum height and maximum width, which together form a bounding box defining the maximum size of the text object.

text max size options

If the text object is bigger than the maximum size in a given dimension, the text object will be dynamically compressed in that dimension in order to fit within the bounding box. This will result in the text being visually distorted. If the text fits within the bounding box, the text will not be compressed.

When either parameter is set to 0, KiCad will not enforce a maximum size in that dimension.

Some text with the maximum height and width set to 0:

text no max width

The same text compressed because the maximum width is set smaller than the width of the text:

text max width

Invoking the Drawing Sheet Editor

The Drawing Sheet Editor is typically invoked from a command line, or from the KiCad Project Manager.

Синтаксис коммандной строки: pl_editor <*.kicad_wks file to open>

Drawing Sheet Editor Commands

Главное окно

The image below shows the main window of the Drawing Sheet Editor.

main window

The main part of the screen is the editing canvas for the open drawing sheet.

The right pane is a properties editor for editing the selected item. It only appears when an item is selected in the canvas.

Панель инструментов главного окна

Верхняя панель инструментов обеспечивает легкий доступ к следующим командам:

new generic 24

Create a new drawing sheet.

directory open 24

Load a drawing sheet file.

save 24

Save the current drawing sheet in a .kicad_wks file.

sheetset 24

Display the page size selector and the title block user data editor.

print button 24

Prints the current page.

undo 24 redo 24

Undo/redo tools.

zoom in 24 zoom out 24 refresh 24 zoom fit in page 24

Zoom in, out, redraw and auto, respectively.

pagelayout normal view mode 24

Show the drawing sheet in Preview mode: text is shown like in the Schematic or PCB Editors, with text keywords replaced by user text.

pagelayout special view mode 24

Show the drawing sheet in Edit mode: text is displayed "as is", without any keyword replacement.

set base corner

Reference corner selection, for coordinates displayed to the status bar.

set current page

Selection of the page number (page & or other pages).

This selection has meaning only if some items than have a page option, are not shown on all pages (in a schematic for instance, which contains more than one page).

Команды рабочей области

Клавиатурные команды

F1

Увеличить масштаб

F2

Уменьшить масштаб

F3

Перерисовать экран

F4

Переместить курсор в центр окна отображения

Home

Автоматически масштабировать

Space Bar

Установить начало относительных координат в позицию курсора

Right Arrow

Переместить курсор вправо на одну позицию сетки

Left Arrow

Переместить курсор влево на одну позицию сетки

Up Arrow

Переместить курсор вверх на одну позицию сетки

Down Arrow

Переместить курсор вниз на одну позицию сетки

Ctrl+Z

Отменить действие

Ctrl+Y

Повторить действие

Return

Соответствует щелчку левой кнопкой мыши

End

Соответствует двойному щелчку левой кнопкой мыши

M

Переместить элемент

S

Переместить начальную точку элемента (позицию)

E

Переместить конечную точку элемента

P

Разместить элемент

Del

Удалить элемент

Команды мыши

Scroll Wheel

Увеличение и уменьшение масштаба в текущей позиции курсора

Ctrl + Scroll Wheel

Панорамирование вправо и влево

Shift + Scroll Wheel

Панорамирование вверх и вниз

Right Button Click

Открытие контекстного меню

Контекстное меню

Отображается по щелчку правой кнопкой мыши:

  • Добавить линию

  • Добавить прямоугольник

  • Добавить надпись

  • Add Bitmap

  • Выбор масштаба: непосредственный выбор масштаба отображения.

  • Выбор сетки: непосредственный выбор сетки.

Строка состояния

The status bar is located at the bottom of the Drawing Sheet Editor and provides useful information to the user.

pl status bar

Coordinates are always relative to the corner selected as the reference corner in the reference corner dropdown in the menubar.

Properties editor

The right pane is a properties editor. It only appears when an item is selected in the canvas. The Item Properties tab contains properties for the selected item. These properties depend on what type of item is selected. The General Options tab lets you edit default properties and margins for the *sheet.

Changes made in the properties editor are not applied until you click the Apply button.

item properties

general options

Design Inspector window

The Design Inspector shows a table of every item in the drawing sheet and their properties. Selecting an item in the Design Inspector also selects the item on the canvas and leaves it selected when you close the Design Inspector.

To open the Design Inspector, use InspectShow Design Inspector.

design inspector

Interactive editing

Выбор элемента

Элемент может быть выбран:

  • From the Design Inspector

  • щелчком на нём левой кнопкой мыши.

  • щелчком на нём правой кнопкой мыши (будет выведено всплывающее меню).

When selected, this item is drawn in a lighter shade of color and the properties editor will be displayed for the selected item.

When right clicking on the item, a pop-up menu is displayed. The pop menu contents depend on the type of object selected.

Создание элемента

To add a new item, use the appropriate button in the right toolbar and then click on the canvas. The item will be added to the canvas and selected, and the properties editor for the new item will open. You can edit the item’s properties in the properties editor, then click Apply to modify the new item.

The available items are lines (add graphical segments 24), rectangles (add rectangle 24), text (text 24), and bitmaps (image 24).

You can also add new items from the right-click context menu.

Logos must first be created by the Image Converter tool, which creates a page layout description file. You can use the Append Existing Drawing Sheet command to insert the logo (a poly polygon) contained in the new drawing sheet.

Adding lines, rectangles and text

When you add lines, rectangles, or text, the item will be added to the canvas, selected, and shown in the properties editor. You can edit the item’s properties in the properties editor, then click Apply to apply the changes.

You can also move the item in the canvas after it has been placed by dragging it or using the Move command (kbd:[M]). Lines and rectangles can be moved as a shape, but you can also move their points individually.

Lines and rectangles typically use the same corner reference for both the start and end points. If this is not the case, the item’s geometry will change when the sheet size or margins are changed.

Добавление логотипов

To add a logo, a poly polygon (the vectored image of the logo) must be first created using the Image Converter tool, which is available in the main KiCad Project Manager window. Polygons cannot be created by hand.

The Image Converter tool creates a drawing sheet file which contains only one item: a poly polygon representing the source image. This drawing sheet file is appended to the current design, using the Append Existing Drawing Sheet command.

This command can be used to append any drawing sheet file, regardless of what items it contains. All items in the appended file will be added to the current design.

После того, как полигон вставлен, он может быть перемещен, а его параметры – отредактированы.

Добавление растровых изображений

You can add an image bitmap using many common bitmap formats (PNG, JPEG, BMP, etc.).

  • После импорта растрового изображения его разрешение – 300 PPI (пикселей на дюйм).

  • This value can be modified in the properties editor.

  • The actual size of the bitmap in the drawing sheet depends on this parameter.

  • Be aware that using higher definition values brings larger output files, and can have an effect on draw or plot time.

Bitmaps can be repeated but not rotated.